中國國際電視臺主播劉欣與美國??怂股虡I(yè)頻道主播翠西·里根就中美摩擦等相關(guān)議題進(jìn)行了一場面對面的“跨洋對話”,那么其中有哪些值得我們關(guān)注的熱點呢?
談及知識產(chǎn)權(quán):
當(dāng)翠西問到所謂中國 “知識產(chǎn)權(quán)偷竊”傷害美國公司問題時,劉欣反問道,你可以問下在華投資的美國公司的意愿,問問他們是否愿意在華投資,美國公司在華投資利潤豐厚。
劉欣接著說,我承認(rèn),在中國是有一些侵犯知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的案例,但是那都是公司的問題,世界上包括美國在內(nèi)的很多國家的公司都出現(xiàn)過這樣的問題,這些僅是個例,不能說美國公司偷了就是美國偷了,中國公司偷了就是中國偷了。劉欣解釋道,中國社會對加強(qiáng)知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)是有廣泛共識的。
Liu Xin: There is consensus among Chinese people that no country or individual can protect itself without intellectual property protection. Isolated cases do not mean that America is stealing or Chinese people are stealing.
關(guān)于關(guān)稅:
當(dāng)翠西問到關(guān)稅的問題時,翠西說,2016年,中國對美國16%的商品征收9.9%的關(guān)稅過高。
劉欣說降低關(guān)稅是一個很好的想法。這樣,美國消費(fèi)者可以用更便宜的價格買到中國商品,中國也可以用更便宜的價格買到美國商品。但是您剛才也提到了我們現(xiàn)在是規(guī)則主導(dǎo)的世界,如果一方想要改變規(guī)則,必須要取得相關(guān)方的共識。美國不能對中國有區(qū)別性對待,降低關(guān)稅需要是個多邊的共同決定。我們目前執(zhí)行的是20年前的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),在關(guān)稅問題上,我們的確需要改變規(guī)則。
Trish Regan: What do you think of "to heck with tariffs, let's get rid of them altogether"? What do you think?
Liu Xin: When we talk about tariffs, it's not just between China and the U.S. If you don't like the rules, then let's change the rules, but it has to be done as a multilateral decision.
關(guān)于中國特色市場經(jīng)濟(jì):
翠西發(fā)問劉欣你如何定義“國家資本主義”,劉欣解釋道,中國是中國特色市場經(jīng)濟(jì),讓市場在經(jīng)濟(jì)中發(fā)揮主導(dǎo)作用。國有企業(yè)在經(jīng)濟(jì)中有重要作用,但作用正在不斷減少,國家并沒有控制經(jīng)濟(jì)的一切。
來看一組數(shù)據(jù):中國80%的就業(yè)是由民營企業(yè)提供的;中國80%的出口是由民營企業(yè)提供的;中國65%的創(chuàng)新是由民營企業(yè)完成的;中國一些領(lǐng)先的公司,比如因特網(wǎng)公司、5G公司都是民營企業(yè)。我們的經(jīng)濟(jì)制度是多元的、活躍的、開放的。
Trish Regan: How do you define state capitalism?
Liu Xin: We would like to define it as socialism with Chinese characteristics, where market forces are expected to play the dominating or deciding role in the allocation of resources.
We want it to be a market economy but there are some Chinese characteristics, for example, some State-owned enterprises which play an important but smaller role maybe in the economy.
We are a socialist economy with Chinese characteristics, but we are not just State controlled, we are quite mixed, very dynamic and very open as well.
談及發(fā)展中國家地位:
翠西還發(fā)問劉欣有關(guān)發(fā)展中國家地位的問題,劉欣答道,中國經(jīng)濟(jì)的總體量很大,但中國有14億人口,人均GDP不及美國人均GDP的六分之一。但是中國人很努力,中國是聯(lián)合國維和任務(wù)的最大貢獻(xiàn)者,也提供了非常多的國際人道主義援助。
Liu Xin: If you look at the overall size of the Chinese economy, don't forget we have 1.4 billion people. If you divide the second-largest economy in the world, when it comes down to per capita GDP we are less than one-sixth of the U.S.
We can do a lot of big things, and people are looking upon us to do a lot more around the world.
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